{"id":1794,"date":"2013-09-25T13:02:35","date_gmt":"2013-09-25T20:02:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.deepspace.ucsb.edu\/?page_id=1794"},"modified":"2020-12-17T13:24:21","modified_gmt":"2020-12-17T21:24:21","slug":"directed-energy-planetary-defense","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/128.111.23.62\/wordpress\/projects\/directed-energy-planetary-defense","title":{"rendered":"DE-STAR"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"NASA\"NASA<\/a><\/p>\n

Directed Energy Planetary Defense<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\"Asteroid<\/a>

Planetary defense by high-powered laser: material ablated off a would-be impactor alters its trajectory by conservation of momentum to avert an impact. (Q. Zhang)<\/p><\/div>\n

\"DE-STARLITE<\/a>

Stand-on DE-STARLITE single launcher based system for planetary defense.<\/p><\/div>\n

DE-STAR<\/strong> or\u00a0D<\/strong>irected\u00a0E<\/strong>nergy\u00a0S<\/strong>ystem for\u00a0T<\/strong>argeting of\u00a0A<\/strong>steroids and exploR<\/strong>ation is a proposed system to deflect asteroids, comets, and other near-Earth objects (NEO) that pose a credible risk of impact. The objects that cross Earth\u2019s orbit, even relatively small ones, can still have a devastating effect. We propose an orbital planetary defense system capable of heating the surface of potentially hazardous objects to the point of vaporization. \u00a0DE-STAR is a modular phased array of kilowatt class lasers powered by photovoltaics.<\/p>\n

We consider two classes of systems:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. large “stand-off” DE-STAR <\/strong>arrays, which remain in Earth orbit and deflect the target from afar, and<\/li>\n
  2. much smaller “stand-on”\u00a0DE-STARLITE<\/strong> systems which travel to and deflect from alongside the target<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    The modular design allows for incremental development and test, lowering cost, minimizing risk, and allowing for technological co-development. While DE-STAR is designed as a stand-off system (able to accomplish a task from afar), DE-STARLITE is a much smaller version which is deployable\u00a0on a single launcher but still capable of mitigating large asteroids given sufficient warning.<\/p>\n

    In both cases, highly-focused\u00a0energy raises the temperature of a spot on the target’s surface to ~3000 K, allowing direct vaporization and ejection of surface material altering the asteroid\u2019s or comet’s orbit. Ideal DE-STAR systems can simultaneously engage multiple targets.<\/p>\n

    Additional applications of these arrays include space debris mitigation, powering or recharging of distant probes, standoff power to remote facilities, standoff photon drive propulsion of small spacecraft that can achieve relativistic speeds (see DEEP-IN<\/a>), composition analysis of remote objects including asteroids, and many others.\u00a0The implications for SETI and ultra long range beacons extending even beyond our galaxy are also discussed.<\/p>\n

    Consequences of asteroid impacts from the work of Gareth Collins (Imperial College – UK)<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Technical Paper:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    https:\/\/impact.ese.ic.ac.uk\/ImpactEarth\/ImpactEffects\/effects.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

    Numerical Simulations:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    https:\/\/impact.ese.ic.ac.uk\/ImpactEarth<\/a><\/p>\n

    https:\/\/impact.ese.ic.ac.uk\/ImpactEarth\/cgi-bin\/impact.cgi<\/a><\/p>\n

    https:\/\/www.purdue.edu\/impactearth<\/a><\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \"Witches<\/a><\/p>\n

    \n
    \n

    Recent Publications<\/h2>\n

    List of recent Directed Energy related publications:<\/strong> DE_STAR_and_related_References<\/a><\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Orbital Deflection of Comets by Directed Energy – Astronomical Journal (AJ)\u00a0 (2019)<\/strong><\/p>\n

    by Q. Zhang, P.M. Lubin and\u00a0 G. B. Hughes<\/em><\/p>\n

    http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1904.12850<\/a><\/p>\n

    Directed Energy Missions for Planetary Defense – Adv Space Res 2016<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Advances in Space Research (ASR) – Volume 58, Issue 6<\/a>,\u00a015 September 2016, Pages 1093-1116<\/p>\n

    http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1604.03511<\/a><\/p>\n

    Orbital Simulations on Deflecting Near-Earth Objects by Directed Energy (2016)<\/strong>
    \nby Q. Zhang, K. J. Walsh, C. Melis, G. B. Hughes, P. M. Lubin<\/em><\/p>\n

    This paper discusses the use of numerical simulations to evaluate the effectiveness of a range of directed energy systems on a range of potential targets, focusing on asteroids but also with a brief discussion on comets.<\/p>\n

    Preprint: arXiv:1601.03690<\/a>
    \nPublications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific<\/em>:
    \n    Volume 128, Number 962, Article 045001<\/a><\/p>\n

    Directed Energy Planetary Defense (Book Chapter – 2015)<\/strong>
    \nby P. Lubin, G. B. Hughes<\/em><\/p>\n

    Chapter in Cosmic Hazards and Planetary Defense – Springer<\/a> (We receive no funds from this)
    \n    Download Chapter (PDF)<\/a> – Pages 941-991<\/p>\n

    Toward directed energy planetary defense (2014)<\/strong>
    \nby P. Lubin, G. B. Hughes, J. Bible, J. Bublitz, J. Arriola, C. Motta, J. Suen, I. Johansson, J. Riley, N. Sarvian, D. Clayton-Warwick, J. Wu, A. Milich, M. Oleson, M. Pryor, P. Krogen, M. Kangas, H. O\u2019Neill<\/em><\/p>\n

    Optical Engineering<\/em>: Toward directed energy planetary defense (PDF)<\/a><\/p>\n

    Conferences & Proceedings<\/h2>\n

    SPIE Optics + Photonics – San Diego – August, 2016<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Hughes\u00a0et al. “Remote laser evaporative molecular absorption spectroscopy”: Paper<\/a><\/p>\n

    Madajian et al. “Comet deflection by directed energy: a finite element analysis”: Paper<\/a><\/p>\n

    Zhang\u00a0et al. “Simulations of directed energy comet deflection”:\u00a0Paper<\/a><\/p>\n

    Macasaet et al. “Target tracking and pointing for arrays of phase-locked lasers”: Paper<\/a><\/p>\n

    SPIE Optics + Photonics – San Diego – August, 2015<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Hughes et al. “Stand-off molecular composition analysis”: Paper<\/a><\/p>\n

    Zhang et al. “Orbital simulations on the deflection of Near Earth Objects by directed energy”: Paper<\/a>, Presentation<\/a><\/p>\n

    Brashears et al. “Directed Energy Deflection Laboratory Measurements”: Paper<\/a><\/p>\n

    Griswold, Madajian et al. “Simulations of directed energy thrust on rotating asteroids”: Paper<\/a><\/p>\n

    Steffanic et al. “Local phase control for a planar array of fiber laser amplifiers”: Paper<\/a><\/p>\n

    Research Mentorship Program – UCSB – July, 2015<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Georgieva et al. “Using a Directed Energy System to Deflect Asteroids”: Paper<\/a>, Poster<\/a><\/p>\n

    Gilkes et al. “De-Spinning Asteroids: Using Laser Ablation to Manipulate Asteroid Motion”: Paper<\/a>, Poster<\/a><\/p>\n

    Silverstein et al. “Space Debris Mitigation Utilizing Laser Ablation”: Paper<\/a>, Poster<\/a><\/p>\n

    Hypervelocity Impact Symposium – Boulder, CO – April, 2015<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Zhang et al. Orbital Simulations for Directed Energy Deflection of Near-Earth Asteroids<\/a><\/p>\n

    Planetary Defense Conference – PDC – Frascati, Italy – April, 2015<\/strong>
    \nLubin et al.     Effective Planetary Defense using Directed Energy<\/a><\/p>\n

    Brashears et al. “Directed Energy Deflection Laboratory Measurements”: Paper<\/a>, Poster<\/a><\/p>\n